adriance



(No Model.) 3;Sheets-Shet 1;

B. ADRIAN GE. SCREW GUTATIN?I LATHE.

110,264,597.- ,Patented Sept.19.1882.

N, PETERS, Phammbognphu. washington. u c

(No Model.)l 3 sheets-sheet 2.

B. ADRIA'NCE'. i

Y, SCREW CUTTING LATHE.Y

No' 264'597' Patented Sept-.19, 1882.vv

NA PETERS. Pmmulrwgnvher. wmingwn. D.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

I B. .ADRIANCR SCREW UTTING'LATHB.

No. 264,597. Patented sept. 19, 1882;

Ihm/levi@ N. PEIZRS. Phawulhugmphw. wnhiugm D4 C.

UNITED ,STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN AnnniNoE, OE BROOKLYN, AssleNoE To ELiPHALEr w. Buss,

. OE NEW YORK, Y. I

SC'REW-CUTTI NG LATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 264,597, dated September 19, 1882.

Y l Application filed November 18,1881. (Xo model.)

To all whom it may concern Y Be it known that I, BENJAMIN ADElANoE, of Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Screw-Cutting Lathes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in a simple attachlnent for ordinary screw-cuttin g lathes, whereby the lock-nut of the tool-carriage may be 1o closed on the lead-screw always at the right point to have the tool match with the thread ofthe screw being cut, whether this thread be even or uneven with relation to th'e pitch of of lead-screw, as hereinafter fully set forth.

Figure 1 ot' the drawings annexed presents a fragmentary sectional view across the bed ofthe lathe, showing the lead-screw in crosssection and the end of the carriage containing my improved attachment in elevation. Fig.

2o 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a sectionl through the carriage, lock-nut, and lead-screw to illustrate the usual mechanism of these parts with which my attachment is connected. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the rear or inside of a portion of the mechanism on the depending apron of the tool-carriage, showing the locknut, lead-screw, dto., being thel immediate parts with .which my attachment co-operates. Fig. 4 is a plan view of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an elevation of my attachment removed. Figs. Gand 7 are diagrams of even and odd threads for illustration.

l'n the drawings, c indicates the bed of the lathe, a the ways thereof, and b the tool-carriage, mounted thereon.

b indicates the socket for-the tool-post on the carriage, and c the handle controlling the cross-feed. A

d indicates the apron of the carriage,

4o which depends nin front of the lead-screw e. This apronS usual, carries on its inner side the gearing, shown-partly in Figs. 3 and 4, which mesh with the rack-teeth f on the bed c, and is operated by the usual crank-handle 4 5 (not shown) to move the carriage back or forth on the bed by hand. The apron also carries the lock-nut g, which is capable of being closed or opened by operating the lever or crank handle h, so as to engage with or be disengaged 5o from the lead-screw.v The locknut is made, as

usual, in two halves, g g, the bases of which are guided insnitable guides, ii, aiixed to the inner side of the apron, as seen in Figs. 2, 3,'` and 4, and these halves are opened apart or Vclosed together by the partial rotation of a disk, k, connected with the handle It, (see Figs. 2 and 4,) which disk has two spiral slots, which engage pins on each half of the nut in the usual manner,as seen bestin Fig. 2. Now, when the lock-nut gg is closed on the lead- 6o screw the carriage will then become operatively engaged therewith, and will thusbe moved forward on the bed of the lathe to feed the tool lengthwise along the work-at the proper rate t6 out a screw of the desired pitch, in the 65 usual manner, according as the gears at the end of the lathe are proportioned, as will be understood. Now, theleadscrew has ofcourse Vsome definite pitch, which is usually coarsesay five threads to the inch-and by arrang- 7o ing the gears at the end of the lathe the rotation of the lathe-spindle may be so proportioned to the rotation of the lead-screw, and consequently to the motion ofthe carriage and tool, as to cut a thread of any desired pitch, either the same as the lead-screw, or a pitch of any desired iineness, Whether even or odd, with relation to the lead-screw, as will be readily understood. It is to be noted, however, that in cutting an Odd thread the carriage and 8o tool, would have to be managed in a different wayfrom that allowable with an even thread. Thus, in cutting au even thread-that is, even relative to the lead-screw, whether of equal or multiple pitch, such as ten to the inch, Ste-the lead-screw being five, as shown in Fig. 6, when the tool arrives at the end of the screw the operator moves the cross-feed sufficiently to withdraw the point of the cutter from the work, and simultaneously opens thencel lock-nut, and then turns the feedhandle on the apron of the lathe, so as to move the carriage back rapidly to the point of beginning. Hey then moves the tool up to the work and closes the lock-nut, and the carriage will now be automatically fed forward at the correct rate and the point of the-tool will surely match with the thread ofthe screw being formed, and will take a secondcnt therefrom. When the tool Varrives at the end of the screw the same operroo ation is repeated to produce the return-feed, and so on till the screw is fully cut.

In cutting a thread ot' a pitch which is uneven relatively to the lead-screw-say nine to the. inch, the lead-screw being tive, as represented iu Fig. 7-this operation of opening and closing the lock-nut to engage or disengage the lead-screw cannot be employed without serious risk, on account ofthe slight chalice ot' catching the lock-nut with the lead-screw at the right thread to have the point of the tool match with the thread being cut, (see Fig. 7,) for in most all cases the tool would at the second cut fail to match with the thread ot the rst cut, thus destroying the work. Hence in such cases the lock-nut is left constantly closed, and the back feed is produced by reversing the motion of the lathe, the operator moving a belt-shipping or clutch-shipping lever at each end of the work to perform the forward and return feeds without opening the locknut. This, however, is objectionable on account of the slow return-feed, and the inconvenience ot' operating the shipping-lever, as well as the expense ot' double driving pulleys, reversing clutch and belts, &c., which objections it is myaim to overcome. Now, by my invention I provide a simple addition or attachment to the lathe whereby the lock-nut may be opened and the carriage moved back rapidly by hand for the return-feed, and the nut again closed to feed the carriage automatically forward to the cut in such manner that the nut is always sure to mesh with the leadscrew at the right point to have the tool match with the thread being cut, whether this thread be even or uneven relatively to the feed-screw, and without requiring any attention on the part of the operator to produce this coincidence, thus obtaining most desirable advantages.

My improved attachment is lshown in Figs.' 1, 3, 4, and 5, but more fully in Figs. 1 and 5, to which attention may now be directed. Itl consists of a simple block, A, pivoted at its lower and forward corner on the stud l to the end of the guides t' of the lock-nut, between the apron l and the lead-screw c, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. Through the upper and front corner of the block is a slot, m, through which projects a short screw fixed in the guide 1', and on this turns the thumb-nut B, which bears upon the block, so that the block may be tilted into either ot' two positions-viz., away from the lead-screw, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. l, which throws the attachment out ot' action, or toward the lead-screw, as indicated by full lines, which throws the attachment into action. Now, extending vertically through a nicely fitting bore near the inner edge ot' the block is arranged a small freely-rotable spindle, U, on the upper end of which is aiiixed a small worin-wheel or pinion, D, which is adapted to mesh`with the threads of the lead-screw, while on its lower end is atixed a small disk, E, having a number oi notches in its periphery, as shown well in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5. Now, when the biock is inclined inwardly, as shown by full lines in Fig. 1, the worm-wheel D will mesh or gear with the threads ot' the lead-screw, and when thus thrown into gear the hub ot' the thumbnut B will enter a countersink 4on the front end ot' the slot m, and the nut, being now tightened up, will hold the attachment in gear in a positive manner. Hence when the worm is so meshed with the screw, if the carriage be now moved along the latter when the lock-nut is open, the worm-wheel will be revolved as it is moved along the lead-scrcwjust as it' the latter were a rack; butas soon as the lock-nut is closed the worm will now cease to revolve, as the carriage will now be propelled by the Screw, and hence the worm-wheel will move bodily along the screw at the same rate as the pitch of the screw, and hence will have no tendency to be revolved by the screw.

The teeth ot the worm-wheel D must ot' course match the threads of the. lead-screw, and, besides this, the number of these teeth should be some multiple ofthe threads oi the lead-screw, or contain preferably, say, three times the number ot' teeth as there are threads to the inch on the leadscrewthat is, ift'een teeth if the lead-screw is tive to the inch. To correspond with this lnultiple the number of notches in the disk E must be equal to its divisor-viz., three, as shown best in Fig. 4. Now, on one-halt' ot' the lock-nut, as seen best in Figs. 3 and 4, is attached a latch or bolt, F, which is so arranged that it may be swung` down out of action, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig'. 3, or moved up into its active position, as indicated b v full lines. When in this active position a linger or tooth, d', on the point of the bolt approaches the under side of the notched disk in thc path ot' the notches, as will be understood from Figs. 3 and 4. It will therefore be now understood that it' the lock-nut is opened and the carriage moved forward by hand that the worm-wheel and disk D E will be revolved by engaging with the screw, as before described. It', now, the handle h be moved to close the lock-nut on the screw, then the bolt F, which of course moves with the lock-nut,will have its point or tooth d pressed against the under side of the disk, which will of course prevent the locknut becoming closed till one of the notches of the disk arrives into coincidence therewith, when the bolt will immediately move into the notch of the disk and the locknut will simultaneously close on the screw, and at this same instant the rotation of the worm-wheel and disk ceases, as before noted, the carriage bccoming thus engaged with the lead-screw.

It will hence be seen that by my improved attachment the lock-nut can be engaged with the lead-screw only at some definite point on every inch of its length-viz., the points at IOO IOS

' Fig. 3. This bolt, as will'be noted, is attached ,saving considera-ble expense, While rendering lworm-wheel Jfrom the lead-screw, and at the 'seizing this thumb-piece the holt may be easily which the notches ot'l the disk coincide with the bolt 'F--and it will therefore be evident, on consideration without further explanation that in cutting a screw, no matter what its pitch may he, whether even or odd relatively to the lead-screw, the lock-nut will always close on the screw at each subsequent cut at identicallythe same point as at the iirst cut. Hence the tool at the subsequent cuts will always match with the previous cuts, and thus avoid all possibility of injuring the work, and at the saine time obviate all close attention or anxiety on the part ot' the operator to bring about this coincidence. In addition to this the use of double belts and reversible clutches on the counter-shaftwill be also obviated,thus

thc execution ofthe work more certain, rapid, and easy.

It will be noted that the bolt F is pressed forward b v a spring, s, and that the notches in the disk are of V or beveled shape, as seen in Fig. 4, and that 'the' point of the bolt is similarly i'ormed, so that the two will engage or disengage in a more gradual and elastic manner, and a slightly-yielding connection between the two is Athereby allowed, which prevents any tendency to overstrain or break the parts, which might occur if the engagement were too rigid or abrupt.

ln lieu ot' notches on the disk E, projections might be used to correspond with a recess on the'end ot' the bolt F or any equivalent points ot' engagement, as will be understood.

When it is not desired to use the attachment it maybe thrown out ot' action by inclining the block A forwardly, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, which will withdraw the same time force it against a stop-stud, r, having a beveled rim, which engages with the worm-teeth, and thus prevents the turning ot' the same .while out ot' gear. By tightening the thumb-nut B the block may be securely held in its inactive position, aswill be understood.

The bolt F may also be thrown out of action when desired, as indicated by dotted lines in `at one end to `thelock-nut by the screw a, which passes through a straight slot, n', in the bolt, and in this slot is arranged a spring, s, which bears at one end on the screw u and at the opposite end upon .the bolt, thus tending to constantly press the point ot' the bolt forward toward the disk. The bolt is also attached to the lock-nut at about its middle by a second screw, o, which passes through an upwardly-curved slot, o', in the bolt. and below this slotl an operating thumb-piece,p, projects downwardly therefrom. Hence by swung down out ot' action, as indicated by dotted linesin Fig. 3, or moved up into action, asindicated by i'ull lines.

When the attachment is swung outofaction, as before described, it will be observed by ret'- erence to Fig. 3, that the lock-nut cannot be unintentionally closed by any casual pressure aga-instV the handle IL, for the position of the point of the bolt F under the now stationary disk E will absolutely prevent this, thereby rendering the management of the lathe-carriage perfectly sate under all circumstances. v

1 do not of course contine myself to the precise details of construction shown and described, as these may be varied somewhat without departing from my claim.

l do not claim broadly the principle of the device herein set forth-that is, the combination, with a screw-cutting lathe, ot' worm or gear wheelmeshing with the lead-screw and having a disk or h ub rotating therewith, provided with certain points ot' engagement arranged to coincide with a point or connection between that and the lock-nut, whereby the lock-nut is allowed to close on the lead-screw l gear wheel mounted on the-carriage in a movable support, movable to and from the leadscrew, with afastening device to hold the said movable wheel in mesh or out of mesh with the ,lead-screw, and with a hub or disk rotating with the said wheel having certain engag- IOO ing points or recesses, together with a coinriding bolt or connection afxed to one section ot' the lock-nut and arranged to engage with said points or recesses to permit the closing ot' the nut in deh'nite positions, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The combination of the pivoted or movable block A and the worm-wheel 1) and disk E with the carriage, lock-nut, and lead-screw ot' a lathe and a fastening device to hold the block and worm-wheel either-into or out ot' gear with the lead-screw, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the carriage, locknut, and lead-screw of a lathe, ot' a worm or gear wheel mounted on the carriage and meshing with the lead-screw, with a hub or disk rotating therewith, and provided with a certain engaging points or recesses, in combination with a movable bolt, F, attiXed to one section of the lock-nut, and arranged, when moved into one position, to engage the said disk and permit the closing of the lock-nut in deljnte position', and when thrown in the other position to become free of said disk and render the combination inactive, substantially as herein set forth.

4. The combination, with the carriage, locknut, and lead-screw ot' a lathe, of the wormwheel D and its engaging-disk E with the IOS IIO

IIS

movable spring-boit F, formed with the curved end of such slot to admit the hub of said n ut,

holding-slot 0, arranged and operating snb- `and thus lock the block inone position, sub- 1o stantially as and for the purpose set forth. stantialiy as herein shown and described.

5. The combination, in a screw-cutting lathe, T Y P, of the Worin-wheel 1) and lts engaging-disk E BDBJ AT IJANLL with the pvoted and movable supporting- \Vitnesscs: bloek'A, formed withk a slot, m, t0 receive ak UIIAS. M. HIGGINS,

clamp screw or nur, B, with a recess at one E. C. PERKINS. 

